reader.h

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// Tencent is pleased to support the open source community by making RapidJSON available.
//
// Copyright (C) 2015 THL A29 Limited, a Tencent company, and Milo Yip. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the MIT License (the "License"); you may not use this file except
// in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed
// under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR
// CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

#ifndef RAPIDJSON_READER_H_
#define RAPIDJSON_READER_H_

#include "allocators.h"
#include "stream.h"
#include "encodedstream.h"
#include "internal/meta.h"
#include "internal/stack.h"
#include "internal/strtod.h"
#include <limits>

#if defined(RAPIDJSON_SIMD) && defined(_MSC_VER)
#include <intrin.h>
#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward)
#endif
#ifdef RAPIDJSON_SSE42
#include <nmmintrin.h>
#elif defined(RAPIDJSON_SSE2)
#include <emmintrin.h>
#endif

#ifdef _MSC_VER
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_PUSH
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(4127) // conditional expression is constant
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(4702) // unreachable code
#endif

#ifdef __clang__
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_PUSH
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(old-style-cast)
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(padded)
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(switch-enum)
#endif

#ifdef __GNUC__
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_PUSH
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(effc++)
#endif

#define RAPIDJSON_NOTHING /* deliberately empty */
#ifndef RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN
#define RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(value) \
 RAPIDJSON_MULTILINEMACRO_BEGIN \
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(HasParseError())) { return value; } \
 RAPIDJSON_MULTILINEMACRO_END
#endif
#define RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID \
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(RAPIDJSON_NOTHING)

#ifndef RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN
#define RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(parseErrorCode, offset) \
 RAPIDJSON_MULTILINEMACRO_BEGIN \
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(!HasParseError()); /* Error can only be assigned once */ \
 SetParseError(parseErrorCode, offset); \
 RAPIDJSON_MULTILINEMACRO_END
#endif

#ifndef RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR
#define RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(parseErrorCode, offset) \
 RAPIDJSON_MULTILINEMACRO_BEGIN \
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(parseErrorCode, offset); \
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID; \
 RAPIDJSON_MULTILINEMACRO_END
#endif

#include "error/error.h" // ParseErrorCode, ParseResult

RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

// ParseFlag

#ifndef RAPIDJSON_PARSE_DEFAULT_FLAGS
#define RAPIDJSON_PARSE_DEFAULT_FLAGS kParseNoFlags
#endif


enum ParseFlag {
 kParseNoFlags = 0, 
 kParseInsituFlag = 1, 
 kParseValidateEncodingFlag = 2, 
 kParseIterativeFlag = 4, 
 kParseStopWhenDoneFlag = 8, 
 kParseFullPrecisionFlag = 16, 
 kParseCommentsFlag = 32, 
 kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag = 64, 
 kParseTrailingCommasFlag = 128, 
 kParseNanAndInfFlag = 256, 
 kParseDefaultFlags = RAPIDJSON_PARSE_DEFAULT_FLAGS 
};

// Handler


// BaseReaderHandler


template<typename Encoding = UTF8<>, typename Derived = void>
struct BaseReaderHandler {
 typedef typename Encoding::Ch Ch;

 typedef typename internal::SelectIf<internal::IsSame<Derived, void>, BaseReaderHandler, Derived>::Type Override;

 bool Default() { return true; }
 bool Null() { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool Bool(bool) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool Int(int) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool Uint(unsigned) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool Int64(int64_t) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool Uint64(uint64_t) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool Double(double) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool RawNumber(const Ch* str, SizeType len, bool copy) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).String(str, len, copy); }
 bool String(const Ch*, SizeType, bool) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool StartObject() { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool Key(const Ch* str, SizeType len, bool copy) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).String(str, len, copy); }
 bool EndObject(SizeType) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool StartArray() { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
 bool EndArray(SizeType) { return static_cast<Override&>(*this).Default(); }
};

// StreamLocalCopy

namespace internal {

template<typename Stream, int = StreamTraits<Stream>::copyOptimization>
class StreamLocalCopy;

template<typename Stream>
class StreamLocalCopy<Stream, 1> {
public:
 StreamLocalCopy(Stream& original) : s(original), original_(original) {}
 ~StreamLocalCopy() { original_ = s; }

 Stream s;

private:
 StreamLocalCopy& operator=(const StreamLocalCopy&) /* = delete */;

 Stream& original_;
};

template<typename Stream>
class StreamLocalCopy<Stream, 0> {
public:
 StreamLocalCopy(Stream& original) : s(original) {}

 Stream& s;

private:
 StreamLocalCopy& operator=(const StreamLocalCopy&) /* = delete */;
};

} // namespace internal

// SkipWhitespace


template<typename InputStream>
void SkipWhitespace(InputStream& is) {
 internal::StreamLocalCopy<InputStream> copy(is);
 InputStream& s(copy.s);

 typename InputStream::Ch c;
 while ((c = s.Peek()) == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t')
 s.Take();
}

inline const char* SkipWhitespace(const char* p, const char* end) {
 while (p != end && (*p == ' ' || *p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == '\t'))
 ++p;
 return p;
}

#ifdef RAPIDJSON_SSE42
inline const char *SkipWhitespace_SIMD(const char* p) {
 // Fast return for single non-whitespace
 if (*p == ' ' || *p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == '\t')
 ++p;
 else
 return p;

 // 16-byte align to the next boundary
 const char* nextAligned = reinterpret_cast<const char*>((reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p) + 15) & static_cast<size_t>(~15));
 while (p != nextAligned)
 if (*p == ' ' || *p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == '\t')
 ++p;
 else
 return p;

 // The rest of string using SIMD
 static const char whitespace[16] = " \n\r\t";
 const __m128i w = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespace[0]));

 for (;; p += 16) {
 const __m128i s = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(p));
 const int r = _mm_cvtsi128_si32(_mm_cmpistrm(w, s, _SIDD_UBYTE_OPS | _SIDD_CMP_EQUAL_ANY | _SIDD_BIT_MASK | _SIDD_NEGATIVE_POLARITY));
 if (r != 0) { // some of characters is non-whitespace
#ifdef _MSC_VER // Find the index of first non-whitespace
 unsigned long offset;
 _BitScanForward(&offset, r);
 return p + offset;
#else
 return p + __builtin_ffs(r) - 1;
#endif
 }
 }
}

inline const char *SkipWhitespace_SIMD(const char* p, const char* end) {
 // Fast return for single non-whitespace
 if (p != end && (*p == ' ' || *p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == '\t'))
 ++p;
 else
 return p;

 // The middle of string using SIMD
 static const char whitespace[16] = " \n\r\t";
 const __m128i w = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespace[0]));

 for (; p <= end - 16; p += 16) {
 const __m128i s = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(p));
 const int r = _mm_cvtsi128_si32(_mm_cmpistrm(w, s, _SIDD_UBYTE_OPS | _SIDD_CMP_EQUAL_ANY | _SIDD_BIT_MASK | _SIDD_NEGATIVE_POLARITY));
 if (r != 0) { // some of characters is non-whitespace
#ifdef _MSC_VER // Find the index of first non-whitespace
 unsigned long offset;
 _BitScanForward(&offset, r);
 return p + offset;
#else
 return p + __builtin_ffs(r) - 1;
#endif
 }
 }

 return SkipWhitespace(p, end);
}

#elif defined(RAPIDJSON_SSE2)

inline const char *SkipWhitespace_SIMD(const char* p) {
 // Fast return for single non-whitespace
 if (*p == ' ' || *p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == '\t')
 ++p;
 else
 return p;

 // 16-byte align to the next boundary
 const char* nextAligned = reinterpret_cast<const char*>((reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p) + 15) & static_cast<size_t>(~15));
 while (p != nextAligned)
 if (*p == ' ' || *p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == '\t')
 ++p;
 else
 return p;

 // The rest of string
 #define C16(c) { c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c }
 static const char whitespaces[4][16] = { C16(' '), C16('\n'), C16('\r'), C16('\t') };
 #undef C16

 const __m128i w0 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespaces[0][0]));
 const __m128i w1 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespaces[1][0]));
 const __m128i w2 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespaces[2][0]));
 const __m128i w3 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespaces[3][0]));

 for (;; p += 16) {
 const __m128i s = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(p));
 __m128i x = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, w0);
 x = _mm_or_si128(x, _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, w1));
 x = _mm_or_si128(x, _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, w2));
 x = _mm_or_si128(x, _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, w3));
 unsigned short r = static_cast<unsigned short>(~_mm_movemask_epi8(x));
 if (r != 0) { // some of characters may be non-whitespace
#ifdef _MSC_VER // Find the index of first non-whitespace
 unsigned long offset;
 _BitScanForward(&offset, r);
 return p + offset;
#else
 return p + __builtin_ffs(r) - 1;
#endif
 }
 }
}

inline const char *SkipWhitespace_SIMD(const char* p, const char* end) {
 // Fast return for single non-whitespace
 if (p != end && (*p == ' ' || *p == '\n' || *p == '\r' || *p == '\t'))
 ++p;
 else
 return p;

 // The rest of string
 #define C16(c) { c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c, c }
 static const char whitespaces[4][16] = { C16(' '), C16('\n'), C16('\r'), C16('\t') };
 #undef C16

 const __m128i w0 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespaces[0][0]));
 const __m128i w1 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespaces[1][0]));
 const __m128i w2 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespaces[2][0]));
 const __m128i w3 = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&whitespaces[3][0]));

 for (; p <= end - 16; p += 16) {
 const __m128i s = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(p));
 __m128i x = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, w0);
 x = _mm_or_si128(x, _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, w1));
 x = _mm_or_si128(x, _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, w2));
 x = _mm_or_si128(x, _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, w3));
 unsigned short r = static_cast<unsigned short>(~_mm_movemask_epi8(x));
 if (r != 0) { // some of characters may be non-whitespace
#ifdef _MSC_VER // Find the index of first non-whitespace
 unsigned long offset;
 _BitScanForward(&offset, r);
 return p + offset;
#else
 return p + __builtin_ffs(r) - 1;
#endif
 }
 }

 return SkipWhitespace(p, end);
}

#endif // RAPIDJSON_SSE2

#ifdef RAPIDJSON_SIMD
template<> inline void SkipWhitespace(InsituStringStream& is) {
 is.src_ = const_cast<char*>(SkipWhitespace_SIMD(is.src_));
}

template<> inline void SkipWhitespace(StringStream& is) {
 is.src_ = SkipWhitespace_SIMD(is.src_);
}

template<> inline void SkipWhitespace(EncodedInputStream<UTF8<>, MemoryStream>& is) {
 is.is_.src_ = SkipWhitespace_SIMD(is.is_.src_, is.is_.end_);
}
#endif // RAPIDJSON_SIMD

// GenericReader


template <typename SourceEncoding, typename TargetEncoding, typename StackAllocator = CrtAllocator>
class GenericReader {
public:
 typedef typename SourceEncoding::Ch Ch; 


 GenericReader(StackAllocator* stackAllocator = 0, size_t stackCapacity = kDefaultStackCapacity) : stack_(stackAllocator, stackCapacity), parseResult_() {}


 template <unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 ParseResult Parse(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 if (parseFlags & kParseIterativeFlag)
 return IterativeParse<parseFlags>(is, handler);

 parseResult_.Clear();

 ClearStackOnExit scope(*this);

 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(parseResult_);

 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(is.Peek() == '\0')) {
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(kParseErrorDocumentEmpty, is.Tell());
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(parseResult_);
 }
 else {
 ParseValue<parseFlags>(is, handler);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(parseResult_);

 if (!(parseFlags & kParseStopWhenDoneFlag)) {
 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(parseResult_);

 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(is.Peek() != '\0')) {
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, is.Tell());
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(parseResult_);
 }
 }
 }

 return parseResult_;
 }


 template <typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 ParseResult Parse(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 return Parse<kParseDefaultFlags>(is, handler);
 }

 bool HasParseError() const { return parseResult_.IsError(); }

 ParseErrorCode GetParseErrorCode() const { return parseResult_.Code(); }

 size_t GetErrorOffset() const { return parseResult_.Offset(); }

protected:
 void SetParseError(ParseErrorCode code, size_t offset) { parseResult_.Set(code, offset); }

private:
 // Prohibit copy constructor & assignment operator.
 GenericReader(const GenericReader&);
 GenericReader& operator=(const GenericReader&);

 void ClearStack() { stack_.Clear(); }

 // clear stack on any exit from ParseStream, e.g. due to exception
 struct ClearStackOnExit {
 explicit ClearStackOnExit(GenericReader& r) : r_(r) {}
 ~ClearStackOnExit() { r_.ClearStack(); }
 private:
 GenericReader& r_;
 ClearStackOnExit(const ClearStackOnExit&);
 ClearStackOnExit& operator=(const ClearStackOnExit&);
 };

 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream>
 void SkipWhitespaceAndComments(InputStream& is) {
 SkipWhitespace(is);

 if (parseFlags & kParseCommentsFlag) {
 while (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(Consume(is, '/'))) {
 if (Consume(is, '*')) {
 while (true) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(is.Peek() == '\0'))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorUnspecificSyntaxError, is.Tell());
 else if (Consume(is, '*')) {
 if (Consume(is, '/'))
 break;
 }
 else
 is.Take();
 }
 }
 else if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(Consume(is, '/')))
 while (is.Peek() != '\0' && is.Take() != '\n');
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorUnspecificSyntaxError, is.Tell());

 SkipWhitespace(is);
 }
 }
 }

 // Parse object: { string : value, ... }
 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 void ParseObject(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(is.Peek() == '{');
 is.Take(); // Skip '{'

 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.StartObject()))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());

 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 if (Consume(is, '}')) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.EndObject(0))) // empty object
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 return;
 }

 for (SizeType memberCount = 0;;) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(is.Peek() != '"'))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, is.Tell());

 ParseString<parseFlags>(is, handler, true);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!Consume(is, ':')))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissColon, is.Tell());

 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 ParseValue<parseFlags>(is, handler);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 ++memberCount;

 switch (is.Peek()) {
 case ',':
 is.Take();
 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;
 break;
 case '}':
 is.Take();
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.EndObject(memberCount)))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 return;
 default:
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissCommaOrCurlyBracket, is.Tell()); break; // This useless break is only for making warning and coverage happy
 }

 if (parseFlags & kParseTrailingCommasFlag) {
 if (is.Peek() == '}') {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.EndObject(memberCount)))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 is.Take();
 return;
 }
 }
 }
 }

 // Parse array: [ value, ... ]
 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 void ParseArray(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(is.Peek() == '[');
 is.Take(); // Skip '['

 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.StartArray()))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());

 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 if (Consume(is, ']')) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.EndArray(0))) // empty array
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 return;
 }

 for (SizeType elementCount = 0;;) {
 ParseValue<parseFlags>(is, handler);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 ++elementCount;
 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;

 if (Consume(is, ',')) {
 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;
 }
 else if (Consume(is, ']')) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.EndArray(elementCount)))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 return;
 }
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorArrayMissCommaOrSquareBracket, is.Tell());

 if (parseFlags & kParseTrailingCommasFlag) {
 if (is.Peek() == ']') {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.EndArray(elementCount)))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 is.Take();
 return;
 }
 }
 }
 }

 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 void ParseNull(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(is.Peek() == 'n');
 is.Take();

 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(Consume(is, 'u') && Consume(is, 'l') && Consume(is, 'l'))) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.Null()))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 }
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, is.Tell());
 }

 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 void ParseTrue(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(is.Peek() == 't');
 is.Take();

 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(Consume(is, 'r') && Consume(is, 'u') && Consume(is, 'e'))) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.Bool(true)))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 }
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, is.Tell());
 }

 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 void ParseFalse(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(is.Peek() == 'f');
 is.Take();

 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(Consume(is, 'a') && Consume(is, 'l') && Consume(is, 's') && Consume(is, 'e'))) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!handler.Bool(false)))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 }
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, is.Tell());
 }

 template<typename InputStream>
 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE static bool Consume(InputStream& is, typename InputStream::Ch expect) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(is.Peek() == expect)) {
 is.Take();
 return true;
 }
 else
 return false;
 }

 // Helper function to parse four hexidecimal digits in \uXXXX in ParseString().
 template<typename InputStream>
 unsigned ParseHex4(InputStream& is, size_t escapeOffset) {
 unsigned codepoint = 0;
 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 Ch c = is.Peek();
 codepoint <<= 4;
 codepoint += static_cast<unsigned>(c);
 if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
 codepoint -= '0';
 else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
 codepoint -= 'A' - 10;
 else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
 codepoint -= 'a' - 10;
 else {
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(kParseErrorStringUnicodeEscapeInvalidHex, escapeOffset);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(0);
 }
 is.Take();
 }
 return codepoint;
 }

 template <typename CharType>
 class StackStream {
 public:
 typedef CharType Ch;

 StackStream(internal::Stack<StackAllocator>& stack) : stack_(stack), length_(0) {}
 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void Put(Ch c) {
 *stack_.template Push<Ch>() = c;
 ++length_;
 }

 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void* Push(SizeType count) {
 length_ += count;
 return stack_.template Push<Ch>(count);
 }

 size_t Length() const { return length_; }

 Ch* Pop() {
 return stack_.template Pop<Ch>(length_);
 }

 private:
 StackStream(const StackStream&);
 StackStream& operator=(const StackStream&);

 internal::Stack<StackAllocator>& stack_;
 SizeType length_;
 };

 // Parse string and generate String event. Different code paths for kParseInsituFlag.
 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 void ParseString(InputStream& is, Handler& handler, bool isKey = false) {
 internal::StreamLocalCopy<InputStream> copy(is);
 InputStream& s(copy.s);

 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(s.Peek() == '\"');
 s.Take(); // Skip '\"'

 bool success = false;
 if (parseFlags & kParseInsituFlag) {
 typename InputStream::Ch *head = s.PutBegin();
 ParseStringToStream<parseFlags, SourceEncoding, SourceEncoding>(s, s);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;
 size_t length = s.PutEnd(head) - 1;
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(length <= 0xFFFFFFFF);
 const typename TargetEncoding::Ch* const str = reinterpret_cast<typename TargetEncoding::Ch*>(head);
 success = (isKey ? handler.Key(str, SizeType(length), false) : handler.String(str, SizeType(length), false));
 }
 else {
 StackStream<typename TargetEncoding::Ch> stackStream(stack_);
 ParseStringToStream<parseFlags, SourceEncoding, TargetEncoding>(s, stackStream);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;
 SizeType length = static_cast<SizeType>(stackStream.Length()) - 1;
 const typename TargetEncoding::Ch* const str = stackStream.Pop();
 success = (isKey ? handler.Key(str, length, true) : handler.String(str, length, true));
 }
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!success))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, s.Tell());
 }

 // Parse string to an output is
 // This function handles the prefix/suffix double quotes, escaping, and optional encoding validation.
 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename SEncoding, typename TEncoding, typename InputStream, typename OutputStream>
 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void ParseStringToStream(InputStream& is, OutputStream& os) {
#define Z16 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
 static const char escape[256] = {
 Z16, Z16, 0, 0,'\"', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,'/',
 Z16, Z16, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,'\\', 0, 0, 0,
 0, 0,'\b', 0, 0, 0,'\f', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,'\n', 0,
 0, 0,'\r', 0,'\t', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 Z16, Z16, Z16, Z16, Z16, Z16, Z16, Z16
 };
#undef Z16

 for (;;) {
 // Scan and copy string before "\\\"" or < 0x20. This is an optional optimzation.
 if (!(parseFlags & kParseValidateEncodingFlag))
 ScanCopyUnescapedString(is, os);

 Ch c = is.Peek();
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(c == '\\')) { // Escape
 size_t escapeOffset = is.Tell(); // For invalid escaping, report the inital '\\' as error offset
 is.Take();
 Ch e = is.Peek();
 if ((sizeof(Ch) == 1 || unsigned(e) < 256) && RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(escape[static_cast<unsigned char>(e)])) {
 is.Take();
 os.Put(static_cast<typename TEncoding::Ch>(escape[static_cast<unsigned char>(e)]));
 }
 else if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(e == 'u')) { // Unicode
 is.Take();
 unsigned codepoint = ParseHex4(is, escapeOffset);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(codepoint >= 0xD800 && codepoint <= 0xDBFF)) {
 // Handle UTF-16 surrogate pair
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!Consume(is, '\\') || !Consume(is, 'u')))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorStringUnicodeSurrogateInvalid, escapeOffset);
 unsigned codepoint2 = ParseHex4(is, escapeOffset);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN_VOID;
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(codepoint2 < 0xDC00 || codepoint2 > 0xDFFF))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorStringUnicodeSurrogateInvalid, escapeOffset);
 codepoint = (((codepoint - 0xD800) << 10) | (codepoint2 - 0xDC00)) + 0x10000;
 }
 TEncoding::Encode(os, codepoint);
 }
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorStringEscapeInvalid, escapeOffset);
 }
 else if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(c == '"')) { // Closing double quote
 is.Take();
 os.Put('\0'); // null-terminate the string
 return;
 }
 else if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(static_cast<unsigned>(c) < 0x20)) { // RFC 4627: unescaped = %x20-21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-10FFFF
 if (c == '\0')
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorStringMissQuotationMark, is.Tell());
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorStringEscapeInvalid, is.Tell());
 }
 else {
 size_t offset = is.Tell();
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY((parseFlags & kParseValidateEncodingFlag ?
 !Transcoder<SEncoding, TEncoding>::Validate(is, os) :
 !Transcoder<SEncoding, TEncoding>::Transcode(is, os))))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorStringInvalidEncoding, offset);
 }
 }
 }

 template<typename InputStream, typename OutputStream>
 static RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void ScanCopyUnescapedString(InputStream&, OutputStream&) {
 // Do nothing for generic version
 }

#if defined(RAPIDJSON_SSE2) || defined(RAPIDJSON_SSE42)
 // StringStream -> StackStream<char>
 static RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void ScanCopyUnescapedString(StringStream& is, StackStream<char>& os) {
 const char* p = is.src_;

 // Scan one by one until alignment (unaligned load may cross page boundary and cause crash)
 const char* nextAligned = reinterpret_cast<const char*>((reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p) + 15) & static_cast<size_t>(~15));
 while (p != nextAligned)
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(*p == '\"') || RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(*p == '\\') || RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(static_cast<unsigned>(*p) < 0x20)) {
 is.src_ = p;
 return;
 }
 else
 os.Put(*p++);

 // The rest of string using SIMD
 static const char dquote[16] = { '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"' };
 static const char bslash[16] = { '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\' };
 static const char space[16] = { 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19 };
 const __m128i dq = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&dquote[0]));
 const __m128i bs = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&bslash[0]));
 const __m128i sp = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&space[0]));

 for (;; p += 16) {
 const __m128i s = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(p));
 const __m128i t1 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, dq);
 const __m128i t2 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, bs);
 const __m128i t3 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(_mm_max_epu8(s, sp), sp); // s < 0x20 <=> max(s, 0x19) == 0x19
 const __m128i x = _mm_or_si128(_mm_or_si128(t1, t2), t3);
 unsigned short r = static_cast<unsigned short>(_mm_movemask_epi8(x));
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(r != 0)) { // some of characters is escaped
 SizeType length;
 #ifdef _MSC_VER // Find the index of first escaped
 unsigned long offset;
 _BitScanForward(&offset, r);
 length = offset;
 #else
 length = static_cast<SizeType>(__builtin_ffs(r) - 1);
 #endif
 char* q = reinterpret_cast<char*>(os.Push(length));
 for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++)
 q[i] = p[i];

 p += length;
 break;
 }
 _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(os.Push(16)), s);
 }

 is.src_ = p;
 }

 // InsituStringStream -> InsituStringStream
 static RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void ScanCopyUnescapedString(InsituStringStream& is, InsituStringStream& os) {
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(&is == &os);
 (void)os;

 if (is.src_ == is.dst_) {
 SkipUnescapedString(is);
 return;
 }

 char* p = is.src_;
 char *q = is.dst_;

 // Scan one by one until alignment (unaligned load may cross page boundary and cause crash)
 const char* nextAligned = reinterpret_cast<const char*>((reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p) + 15) & static_cast<size_t>(~15));
 while (p != nextAligned)
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(*p == '\"') || RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(*p == '\\') || RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(static_cast<unsigned>(*p) < 0x20)) {
 is.src_ = p;
 is.dst_ = q;
 return;
 }
 else
 *q++ = *p++;

 // The rest of string using SIMD
 static const char dquote[16] = { '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"' };
 static const char bslash[16] = { '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\' };
 static const char space[16] = { 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19 };
 const __m128i dq = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&dquote[0]));
 const __m128i bs = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&bslash[0]));
 const __m128i sp = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&space[0]));

 for (;; p += 16, q += 16) {
 const __m128i s = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(p));
 const __m128i t1 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, dq);
 const __m128i t2 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, bs);
 const __m128i t3 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(_mm_max_epu8(s, sp), sp); // s < 0x20 <=> max(s, 0x19) == 0x19
 const __m128i x = _mm_or_si128(_mm_or_si128(t1, t2), t3);
 unsigned short r = static_cast<unsigned short>(_mm_movemask_epi8(x));
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(r != 0)) { // some of characters is escaped
 size_t length;
#ifdef _MSC_VER // Find the index of first escaped
 unsigned long offset;
 _BitScanForward(&offset, r);
 length = offset;
#else
 length = static_cast<size_t>(__builtin_ffs(r) - 1);
#endif
 for (const char* pend = p + length; p != pend; )
 *q++ = *p++;
 break;
 }
 _mm_storeu_si128(reinterpret_cast<__m128i *>(q), s);
 }

 is.src_ = p;
 is.dst_ = q;
 }

 // When read/write pointers are the same for insitu stream, just skip unescaped characters
 static RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void SkipUnescapedString(InsituStringStream& is) {
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(is.src_ == is.dst_);
 char* p = is.src_;

 // Scan one by one until alignment (unaligned load may cross page boundary and cause crash)
 const char* nextAligned = reinterpret_cast<const char*>((reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p) + 15) & static_cast<size_t>(~15));
 for (; p != nextAligned; p++)
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(*p == '\"') || RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(*p == '\\') || RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(static_cast<unsigned>(*p) < 0x20)) {
 is.src_ = is.dst_ = p;
 return;
 }

 // The rest of string using SIMD
 static const char dquote[16] = { '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"', '\"' };
 static const char bslash[16] = { '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\', '\\' };
 static const char space[16] = { 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19, 0x19 };
 const __m128i dq = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&dquote[0]));
 const __m128i bs = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&bslash[0]));
 const __m128i sp = _mm_loadu_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(&space[0]));

 for (;; p += 16) {
 const __m128i s = _mm_load_si128(reinterpret_cast<const __m128i *>(p));
 const __m128i t1 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, dq);
 const __m128i t2 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(s, bs);
 const __m128i t3 = _mm_cmpeq_epi8(_mm_max_epu8(s, sp), sp); // s < 0x20 <=> max(s, 0x19) == 0x19
 const __m128i x = _mm_or_si128(_mm_or_si128(t1, t2), t3);
 unsigned short r = static_cast<unsigned short>(_mm_movemask_epi8(x));
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(r != 0)) { // some of characters is escaped
 size_t length;
#ifdef _MSC_VER // Find the index of first escaped
 unsigned long offset;
 _BitScanForward(&offset, r);
 length = offset;
#else
 length = static_cast<size_t>(__builtin_ffs(r) - 1);
#endif
 p += length;
 break;
 }
 }

 is.src_ = is.dst_ = p;
 }
#endif

 template<typename InputStream, bool backup, bool pushOnTake>
 class NumberStream;

 template<typename InputStream>
 class NumberStream<InputStream, false, false> {
 public:
 typedef typename InputStream::Ch Ch;

 NumberStream(GenericReader& reader, InputStream& s) : is(s) { (void)reader; }
 ~NumberStream() {}

 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE Ch Peek() const { return is.Peek(); }
 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE Ch TakePush() { return is.Take(); }
 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE Ch Take() { return is.Take(); }
 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void Push(char) {}

 size_t Tell() { return is.Tell(); }
 size_t Length() { return 0; }
 const char* Pop() { return 0; }

 protected:
 NumberStream& operator=(const NumberStream&);

 InputStream& is;
 };

 template<typename InputStream>
 class NumberStream<InputStream, true, false> : public NumberStream<InputStream, false, false> {
 typedef NumberStream<InputStream, false, false> Base;
 public:
 NumberStream(GenericReader& reader, InputStream& is) : Base(reader, is), stackStream(reader.stack_) {}
 ~NumberStream() {}

 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE Ch TakePush() {
 stackStream.Put(static_cast<char>(Base::is.Peek()));
 return Base::is.Take();
 }

 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE void Push(char c) {
 stackStream.Put(c);
 }

 size_t Length() { return stackStream.Length(); }

 const char* Pop() {
 stackStream.Put('\0');
 return stackStream.Pop();
 }

 private:
 StackStream<char> stackStream;
 };

 template<typename InputStream>
 class NumberStream<InputStream, true, true> : public NumberStream<InputStream, true, false> {
 typedef NumberStream<InputStream, true, false> Base;
 public:
 NumberStream(GenericReader& reader, InputStream& is) : Base(reader, is) {}
 ~NumberStream() {}

 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE Ch Take() { return Base::TakePush(); }
 };

 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 void ParseNumber(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 internal::StreamLocalCopy<InputStream> copy(is);
 NumberStream<InputStream,
 ((parseFlags & kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag) != 0) ?
 ((parseFlags & kParseInsituFlag) == 0) :
 ((parseFlags & kParseFullPrecisionFlag) != 0),
 (parseFlags & kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag) != 0 &&
 (parseFlags & kParseInsituFlag) == 0> s(*this, copy.s);

 size_t startOffset = s.Tell();
 double d = 0.0;
 bool useNanOrInf = false;

 // Parse minus
 bool minus = Consume(s, '-');

 // Parse int: zero / ( digit1-9 *DIGIT )
 unsigned i = 0;
 uint64_t i64 = 0;
 bool use64bit = false;
 int significandDigit = 0;
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(s.Peek() == '0')) {
 i = 0;
 s.TakePush();
 }
 else if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '1' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 i = static_cast<unsigned>(s.TakePush() - '0');

 if (minus)
 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(i >= 214748364)) { // 2^31 = 2147483648
 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(i != 214748364 || s.Peek() > '8')) {
 i64 = i;
 use64bit = true;
 break;
 }
 }
 i = i * 10 + static_cast<unsigned>(s.TakePush() - '0');
 significandDigit++;
 }
 else
 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(i >= 429496729)) { // 2^32 - 1 = 4294967295
 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(i != 429496729 || s.Peek() > '5')) {
 i64 = i;
 use64bit = true;
 break;
 }
 }
 i = i * 10 + static_cast<unsigned>(s.TakePush() - '0');
 significandDigit++;
 }
 }
 // Parse NaN or Infinity here
 else if ((parseFlags & kParseNanAndInfFlag) && RAPIDJSON_LIKELY((s.Peek() == 'I' || s.Peek() == 'N'))) {
 useNanOrInf = true;
 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(Consume(s, 'N') && Consume(s, 'a') && Consume(s, 'N'))) {
 d = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
 }
 else if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(Consume(s, 'I') && Consume(s, 'n') && Consume(s, 'f'))) {
 d = (minus ? -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity() : std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(s.Peek() == 'i' && !(Consume(s, 'i') && Consume(s, 'n')
 && Consume(s, 'i') && Consume(s, 't') && Consume(s, 'y'))))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, s.Tell());
 }
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, s.Tell());
 }
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, s.Tell());

 // Parse 64bit int
 bool useDouble = false;
 if (use64bit) {
 if (minus)
 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(i64 >= RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(0x0CCCCCCC, 0xCCCCCCCC))) // 2^63 = 9223372036854775808
 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(i64 != RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(0x0CCCCCCC, 0xCCCCCCCC) || s.Peek() > '8')) {
 d = static_cast<double>(i64);
 useDouble = true;
 break;
 }
 i64 = i64 * 10 + static_cast<unsigned>(s.TakePush() - '0');
 significandDigit++;
 }
 else
 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(i64 >= RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(0x19999999, 0x99999999))) // 2^64 - 1 = 18446744073709551615
 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(i64 != RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(0x19999999, 0x99999999) || s.Peek() > '5')) {
 d = static_cast<double>(i64);
 useDouble = true;
 break;
 }
 i64 = i64 * 10 + static_cast<unsigned>(s.TakePush() - '0');
 significandDigit++;
 }
 }

 // Force double for big integer
 if (useDouble) {
 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(d >= 1.7976931348623157e307)) // DBL_MAX / 10.0
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, startOffset);
 d = d * 10 + (s.TakePush() - '0');
 }
 }

 // Parse frac = decimal-point 1*DIGIT
 int expFrac = 0;
 size_t decimalPosition;
 if (Consume(s, '.')) {
 decimalPosition = s.Length();

 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberMissFraction, s.Tell());

 if (!useDouble) {
#if RAPIDJSON_64BIT
 // Use i64 to store significand in 64-bit architecture
 if (!use64bit)
 i64 = i;

 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 if (i64 > RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(0x1FFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF)) // 2^53 - 1 for fast path
 break;
 else {
 i64 = i64 * 10 + static_cast<unsigned>(s.TakePush() - '0');
 --expFrac;
 if (i64 != 0)
 significandDigit++;
 }
 }

 d = static_cast<double>(i64);
#else
 // Use double to store significand in 32-bit architecture
 d = static_cast<double>(use64bit ? i64 : i);
#endif
 useDouble = true;
 }

 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 if (significandDigit < 17) {
 d = d * 10.0 + (s.TakePush() - '0');
 --expFrac;
 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(d > 0.0))
 significandDigit++;
 }
 else
 s.TakePush();
 }
 }
 else
 decimalPosition = s.Length(); // decimal position at the end of integer.

 // Parse exp = e [ minus / plus ] 1*DIGIT
 int exp = 0;
 if (Consume(s, 'e') || Consume(s, 'E')) {
 if (!useDouble) {
 d = static_cast<double>(use64bit ? i64 : i);
 useDouble = true;
 }

 bool expMinus = false;
 if (Consume(s, '+'))
 ;
 else if (Consume(s, '-'))
 expMinus = true;

 if (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 exp = static_cast<int>(s.Take() - '0');
 if (expMinus) {
 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 exp = exp * 10 + static_cast<int>(s.Take() - '0');
 if (exp >= 214748364) { // Issue #313: prevent overflow exponent
 while (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) // Consume the rest of exponent
 s.Take();
 }
 }
 }
 else { // positive exp
 int maxExp = 308 - expFrac;
 while (RAPIDJSON_LIKELY(s.Peek() >= '0' && s.Peek() <= '9')) {
 exp = exp * 10 + static_cast<int>(s.Take() - '0');
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(exp > maxExp))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, startOffset);
 }
 }
 }
 else
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberMissExponent, s.Tell());

 if (expMinus)
 exp = -exp;
 }

 // Finish parsing, call event according to the type of number.
 bool cont = true;

 if (parseFlags & kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag) {
 if (parseFlags & kParseInsituFlag) {
 s.Pop(); // Pop stack no matter if it will be used or not.
 typename InputStream::Ch* head = is.PutBegin();
 const size_t length = s.Tell() - startOffset;
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(length <= 0xFFFFFFFF);
 // unable to insert the \0 character here, it will erase the comma after this number
 const typename TargetEncoding::Ch* const str = reinterpret_cast<typename TargetEncoding::Ch*>(head);
 cont = handler.RawNumber(str, SizeType(length), false);
 }
 else {
 SizeType numCharsToCopy = static_cast<SizeType>(s.Length());
 StringStream srcStream(s.Pop());
 StackStream<typename TargetEncoding::Ch> dstStream(stack_);
 while (numCharsToCopy--) {
 Transcoder<UTF8<>, TargetEncoding>::Transcode(srcStream, dstStream);
 }
 dstStream.Put('\0');
 const typename TargetEncoding::Ch* str = dstStream.Pop();
 const SizeType length = static_cast<SizeType>(dstStream.Length()) - 1;
 cont = handler.RawNumber(str, SizeType(length), true);
 }
 }
 else {
 size_t length = s.Length();
 const char* decimal = s.Pop(); // Pop stack no matter if it will be used or not.

 if (useDouble) {
 int p = exp + expFrac;
 if (parseFlags & kParseFullPrecisionFlag)
 d = internal::StrtodFullPrecision(d, p, decimal, length, decimalPosition, exp);
 else
 d = internal::StrtodNormalPrecision(d, p);

 cont = handler.Double(minus ? -d : d);
 }
 else if (useNanOrInf) {
 cont = handler.Double(d);
 }
 else {
 if (use64bit) {
 if (minus)
 cont = handler.Int64(static_cast<int64_t>(~i64 + 1));
 else
 cont = handler.Uint64(i64);
 }
 else {
 if (minus)
 cont = handler.Int(static_cast<int32_t>(~i + 1));
 else
 cont = handler.Uint(i);
 }
 }
 }
 if (RAPIDJSON_UNLIKELY(!cont))
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorTermination, startOffset);
 }

 // Parse any JSON value
 template<unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 void ParseValue(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 switch (is.Peek()) {
 case 'n': ParseNull <parseFlags>(is, handler); break;
 case 't': ParseTrue <parseFlags>(is, handler); break;
 case 'f': ParseFalse <parseFlags>(is, handler); break;
 case '"': ParseString<parseFlags>(is, handler); break;
 case '{': ParseObject<parseFlags>(is, handler); break;
 case '[': ParseArray <parseFlags>(is, handler); break;
 default :
 ParseNumber<parseFlags>(is, handler);
 break;

 }
 }

 // Iterative Parsing

 // States
 enum IterativeParsingState {
 IterativeParsingStartState = 0,
 IterativeParsingFinishState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState,

 // Object states
 IterativeParsingObjectInitialState,
 IterativeParsingMemberKeyState,
 IterativeParsingKeyValueDelimiterState,
 IterativeParsingMemberValueState,
 IterativeParsingMemberDelimiterState,
 IterativeParsingObjectFinishState,

 // Array states
 IterativeParsingArrayInitialState,
 IterativeParsingElementState,
 IterativeParsingElementDelimiterState,
 IterativeParsingArrayFinishState,

 // Single value state
 IterativeParsingValueState
 };

 enum { cIterativeParsingStateCount = IterativeParsingValueState + 1 };

 // Tokens
 enum Token {
 LeftBracketToken = 0,
 RightBracketToken,

 LeftCurlyBracketToken,
 RightCurlyBracketToken,

 CommaToken,
 ColonToken,

 StringToken,
 FalseToken,
 TrueToken,
 NullToken,
 NumberToken,

 kTokenCount
 };

 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE Token Tokenize(Ch c) {

#define N NumberToken
#define N16 N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N
 // Maps from ASCII to Token
 static const unsigned char tokenMap[256] = {
 N16, // 00~0F
 N16, // 10~1F
 N, N, StringToken, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, CommaToken, N, N, N, // 20~2F
 N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, ColonToken, N, N, N, N, N, // 30~3F
 N16, // 40~4F
 N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, LeftBracketToken, N, RightBracketToken, N, N, // 50~5F
 N, N, N, N, N, N, FalseToken, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, NullToken, N, // 60~6F
 N, N, N, N, TrueToken, N, N, N, N, N, N, LeftCurlyBracketToken, N, RightCurlyBracketToken, N, N, // 70~7F
 N16, N16, N16, N16, N16, N16, N16, N16 // 80~FF
 };
#undef N
#undef N16

 if (sizeof(Ch) == 1 || static_cast<unsigned>(c) < 256)
 return static_cast<Token>(tokenMap[static_cast<unsigned char>(c)]);
 else
 return NumberToken;
 }

 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE IterativeParsingState Predict(IterativeParsingState state, Token token) {
 // current state x one lookahead token -> new state
 static const char G[cIterativeParsingStateCount][kTokenCount] = {
 // Start
 {
 IterativeParsingArrayInitialState, // Left bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingObjectInitialState, // Left curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingValueState, // String
 IterativeParsingValueState, // False
 IterativeParsingValueState, // True
 IterativeParsingValueState, // Null
 IterativeParsingValueState // Number
 },
 // Finish(sink state)
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState
 },
 // Error(sink state)
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState
 },
 // ObjectInitial
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left curly bracket
 IterativeParsingObjectFinishState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingMemberKeyState, // String
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // False
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // True
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Null
 IterativeParsingErrorState // Number
 },
 // MemberKey
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingKeyValueDelimiterState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // String
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // False
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // True
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Null
 IterativeParsingErrorState // Number
 },
 // KeyValueDelimiter
 {
 IterativeParsingArrayInitialState, // Left bracket(push MemberValue state)
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingObjectInitialState, // Left curly bracket(push MemberValue state)
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingMemberValueState, // String
 IterativeParsingMemberValueState, // False
 IterativeParsingMemberValueState, // True
 IterativeParsingMemberValueState, // Null
 IterativeParsingMemberValueState // Number
 },
 // MemberValue
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left curly bracket
 IterativeParsingObjectFinishState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingMemberDelimiterState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // String
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // False
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // True
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Null
 IterativeParsingErrorState // Number
 },
 // MemberDelimiter
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left curly bracket
 IterativeParsingObjectFinishState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingMemberKeyState, // String
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // False
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // True
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Null
 IterativeParsingErrorState // Number
 },
 // ObjectFinish(sink state)
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState
 },
 // ArrayInitial
 {
 IterativeParsingArrayInitialState, // Left bracket(push Element state)
 IterativeParsingArrayFinishState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingObjectInitialState, // Left curly bracket(push Element state)
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingElementState, // String
 IterativeParsingElementState, // False
 IterativeParsingElementState, // True
 IterativeParsingElementState, // Null
 IterativeParsingElementState // Number
 },
 // Element
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left bracket
 IterativeParsingArrayFinishState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Left curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingElementDelimiterState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // String
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // False
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // True
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Null
 IterativeParsingErrorState // Number
 },
 // ElementDelimiter
 {
 IterativeParsingArrayInitialState, // Left bracket(push Element state)
 IterativeParsingArrayFinishState, // Right bracket
 IterativeParsingObjectInitialState, // Left curly bracket(push Element state)
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Right curly bracket
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Comma
 IterativeParsingErrorState, // Colon
 IterativeParsingElementState, // String
 IterativeParsingElementState, // False
 IterativeParsingElementState, // True
 IterativeParsingElementState, // Null
 IterativeParsingElementState // Number
 },
 // ArrayFinish(sink state)
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState
 },
 // Single Value (sink state)
 {
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState, IterativeParsingErrorState,
 IterativeParsingErrorState
 }
 }; // End of G

 return static_cast<IterativeParsingState>(G[state][token]);
 }

 // Make an advance in the token stream and state based on the candidate destination state which was returned by Transit().
 // May return a new state on state pop.
 template <unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 RAPIDJSON_FORCEINLINE IterativeParsingState Transit(IterativeParsingState src, Token token, IterativeParsingState dst, InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 (void)token;

 switch (dst) {
 case IterativeParsingErrorState:
 return dst;

 case IterativeParsingObjectInitialState:
 case IterativeParsingArrayInitialState:
 {
 // Push the state(Element or MemeberValue) if we are nested in another array or value of member.
 // In this way we can get the correct state on ObjectFinish or ArrayFinish by frame pop.
 IterativeParsingState n = src;
 if (src == IterativeParsingArrayInitialState || src == IterativeParsingElementDelimiterState)
 n = IterativeParsingElementState;
 else if (src == IterativeParsingKeyValueDelimiterState)
 n = IterativeParsingMemberValueState;
 // Push current state.
 *stack_.template Push<SizeType>(1) = n;
 // Initialize and push the member/element count.
 *stack_.template Push<SizeType>(1) = 0;
 // Call handler
 bool hr = (dst == IterativeParsingObjectInitialState) ? handler.StartObject() : handler.StartArray();
 // On handler short circuits the parsing.
 if (!hr) {
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 }
 else {
 is.Take();
 return dst;
 }
 }

 case IterativeParsingMemberKeyState:
 ParseString<parseFlags>(is, handler, true);
 if (HasParseError())
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 else
 return dst;

 case IterativeParsingKeyValueDelimiterState:
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(token == ColonToken);
 is.Take();
 return dst;

 case IterativeParsingMemberValueState:
 // Must be non-compound value. Or it would be ObjectInitial or ArrayInitial state.
 ParseValue<parseFlags>(is, handler);
 if (HasParseError()) {
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 }
 return dst;

 case IterativeParsingElementState:
 // Must be non-compound value. Or it would be ObjectInitial or ArrayInitial state.
 ParseValue<parseFlags>(is, handler);
 if (HasParseError()) {
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 }
 return dst;

 case IterativeParsingMemberDelimiterState:
 case IterativeParsingElementDelimiterState:
 is.Take();
 // Update member/element count.
 *stack_.template Top<SizeType>() = *stack_.template Top<SizeType>() + 1;
 return dst;

 case IterativeParsingObjectFinishState:
 {
 // Transit from delimiter is only allowed when trailing commas are enabled
 if (!(parseFlags & kParseTrailingCommasFlag) && src == IterativeParsingMemberDelimiterState) {
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(kParseErrorObjectMissName, is.Tell());
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 }
 // Get member count.
 SizeType c = *stack_.template Pop<SizeType>(1);
 // If the object is not empty, count the last member.
 if (src == IterativeParsingMemberValueState)
 ++c;
 // Restore the state.
 IterativeParsingState n = static_cast<IterativeParsingState>(*stack_.template Pop<SizeType>(1));
 // Transit to Finish state if this is the topmost scope.
 if (n == IterativeParsingStartState)
 n = IterativeParsingFinishState;
 // Call handler
 bool hr = handler.EndObject(c);
 // On handler short circuits the parsing.
 if (!hr) {
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 }
 else {
 is.Take();
 return n;
 }
 }

 case IterativeParsingArrayFinishState:
 {
 // Transit from delimiter is only allowed when trailing commas are enabled
 if (!(parseFlags & kParseTrailingCommasFlag) && src == IterativeParsingElementDelimiterState) {
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(kParseErrorValueInvalid, is.Tell());
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 }
 // Get element count.
 SizeType c = *stack_.template Pop<SizeType>(1);
 // If the array is not empty, count the last element.
 if (src == IterativeParsingElementState)
 ++c;
 // Restore the state.
 IterativeParsingState n = static_cast<IterativeParsingState>(*stack_.template Pop<SizeType>(1));
 // Transit to Finish state if this is the topmost scope.
 if (n == IterativeParsingStartState)
 n = IterativeParsingFinishState;
 // Call handler
 bool hr = handler.EndArray(c);
 // On handler short circuits the parsing.
 if (!hr) {
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_NORETURN(kParseErrorTermination, is.Tell());
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 }
 else {
 is.Take();
 return n;
 }
 }

 default:
 // This branch is for IterativeParsingValueState actually.
 // Use `default:` rather than
 // `case IterativeParsingValueState:` is for code coverage.

 // The IterativeParsingStartState is not enumerated in this switch-case.
 // It is impossible for that case. And it can be caught by following assertion.

 // The IterativeParsingFinishState is not enumerated in this switch-case either.
 // It is a "derivative" state which cannot triggered from Predict() directly.
 // Therefore it cannot happen here. And it can be caught by following assertion.
 RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(dst == IterativeParsingValueState);

 // Must be non-compound value. Or it would be ObjectInitial or ArrayInitial state.
 ParseValue<parseFlags>(is, handler);
 if (HasParseError()) {
 return IterativeParsingErrorState;
 }
 return IterativeParsingFinishState;
 }
 }

 template <typename InputStream>
 void HandleError(IterativeParsingState src, InputStream& is) {
 if (HasParseError()) {
 // Error flag has been set.
 return;
 }

 switch (src) {
 case IterativeParsingStartState: RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentEmpty, is.Tell()); return;
 case IterativeParsingFinishState: RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, is.Tell()); return;
 case IterativeParsingObjectInitialState:
 case IterativeParsingMemberDelimiterState: RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, is.Tell()); return;
 case IterativeParsingMemberKeyState: RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissColon, is.Tell()); return;
 case IterativeParsingMemberValueState: RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissCommaOrCurlyBracket, is.Tell()); return;
 case IterativeParsingKeyValueDelimiterState:
 case IterativeParsingArrayInitialState:
 case IterativeParsingElementDelimiterState: RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, is.Tell()); return;
 default: RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(src == IterativeParsingElementState); RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR(kParseErrorArrayMissCommaOrSquareBracket, is.Tell()); return;
 }
 }

 template <unsigned parseFlags, typename InputStream, typename Handler>
 ParseResult IterativeParse(InputStream& is, Handler& handler) {
 parseResult_.Clear();
 ClearStackOnExit scope(*this);
 IterativeParsingState state = IterativeParsingStartState;

 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(parseResult_);
 while (is.Peek() != '\0') {
 Token t = Tokenize(is.Peek());
 IterativeParsingState n = Predict(state, t);
 IterativeParsingState d = Transit<parseFlags>(state, t, n, is, handler);

 if (d == IterativeParsingErrorState) {
 HandleError(state, is);
 break;
 }

 state = d;

 // Do not further consume streams if a root JSON has been parsed.
 if ((parseFlags & kParseStopWhenDoneFlag) && state == IterativeParsingFinishState)
 break;

 SkipWhitespaceAndComments<parseFlags>(is);
 RAPIDJSON_PARSE_ERROR_EARLY_RETURN(parseResult_);
 }

 // Handle the end of file.
 if (state != IterativeParsingFinishState)
 HandleError(state, is);

 return parseResult_;
 }

 static const size_t kDefaultStackCapacity = 256; 
 internal::Stack<StackAllocator> stack_; 
 ParseResult parseResult_;
}; // class GenericReader

typedef GenericReader<UTF8<>, UTF8<> > Reader;

RAPIDJSON_NAMESPACE_END

#ifdef __clang__
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_POP
#endif


#ifdef __GNUC__
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_POP
#endif

#ifdef _MSC_VER
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_POP
#endif

#endif // RAPIDJSON_READER_H_